International Politics in Twentieth Century Essay

International Politics in Twentieth Century - Essay Example I will begin by giving a liberal account f the relationship between the economy, the state and power. Liberal idealism in international politics did not re-emerge, after the devastation f the Second World War, until the 1970s. Rapid advances in technology, the growth f organisations like the European Community, and the impact f events like the 1973 oil crisis pointed towards evidence f growing interdependence between states. At the same time liberal literature made significant inroads into the rigid inside/outside, domestic/international distinctions characteristic f realism, with the emergence f trans-national relations and world society. Modern interdependency theory uses free trade and the removal f barriers to commerce as prof to their claims. "The rise f regional economic integration in Europe was inspired by the belief that the likelihood f conflict between states would be reduced by creating a common interest in trade and economic collaboration amongst members f the same geographical region." European powers, instead f resolving their differences militarily, would cooperate within a commonly agreed economic and political framework for their mutual benefit. Eventually cooperation between states would increase and broaden as mutual advantages could be gained. Membership f the European Union would entail compliance with its rules, which itself would discourage the absolute pursuit f national interests and weaken state sovereignty. Liberal institutionalists such as Rosecrance argued that the "growth f economic interdependency had been matched by a corresponding decline in the value and importance f territorial conquest for states." In the modern world the benefits f trade and cooperation among states greatly exceed that f military competition and territorial control. Traditionally nation states regarded the acquisition f territory and land as the means to increasing national wealth. The state has transformed from being a 'military state' to a 'trading state'. Statesmen increasingly became aware that the accumulation f national wealth and development relied more heavily on macro-economic policies that increased the competitiveness f their economy compared to other states. Higher levels f efficiency, technology intensive modes f production and valuable human capital all give incentives for multi-national corporations and businesses to invest in the country. Neo-liberals point out that commercial relations between businesses and individuals have diminished the influence and power f the state. Although there is suspicion the role oil has played in the ongoing war in Iraq one cannot doubt the repercussions the war has had internationally. Britain and America have to some extent isolated themselves diplomatically from Europe (their closet allies) and the wider world. Nowadays due to the complications f economic interdependence it makes states less able to act aggressively because otherwise they face risking economic penalties imposed by other members f the international community.

Leadership Factors that are Needed to Deliver Organizational Success Research Paper

Leadership Factors that are Needed to Deliver Organizational Success - Research Paper Example Several qualities of the leaders like participatory nature, communicating ability and transparency make them front runners of the developmental process and they help the organization in keeping the efforts of the total team united and coherent which in turn would lead to highest quality output. Several theories also explain the way in which leaders aid in organizational success by dealing with odd situations and by providing contingency planning and strategic management. The successful leadership examples like Bill Gates of Microsoft Corporation and Donald John Trump of Trump illustrate that the leadership is an integrated process of leading from the front, dynamism, motivation, confidence, risk-bearing ability and participatory teamwork and hence they could make their organizations superior in the World and they become inspiring persons for the young people who would become leaders of the organizations in the future. Leadership is a vital component that decides the success of any organization. Leadership is nothing but the process of making a forward leap in decision making and guiding the other members of the team towards fulfilling the objectives of the organization or mission (Grey, 2009). The main factor that helps the organization through leadership is the infusion of the element of motivation in the minds of the team members because of which all the members would work with the highest level of energy and enthusiasm leading to the higher level of organizational efficiency. Leadership, in general, contributes to the success of an organization by making the team members more confident about the tasks performed in their jobs (Malphurs, 2006). This makes them more understandable with a higher level of clarity about the direction of operation of work for attaining the maximum productivity of the goods and services. Leadership also ensures a higher level of quality in the final products as it allows more free flow of information among the members and tries to minimize the element of error (Thompson and McHugh, 2009).